Globally, heatwaves have become an alarming phenomenon of climate change, with multidimensional impacts on populations. As climate change intensifies extreme weather events on a global scale, marginalized communities, particularly women, face severe consequences due to both biological and sociocultural factors. In Bangladesh, socio-cultural dynamics further exacerbate the unequal effects of extreme heatwaves on women. Dhaka, the capital city, is especially vulnerable to heatwaves due to rapid urban development and a high population density. The gendered division of labor, combined with women’s primary caregiving responsibilities, cultural and religious expectations of modest clothing, financial limitations, and restricted access to resources, heightens their vulnerability during periods of heat stress. There is an urgent need for comprehensive research into the often-overlooked costs of heatwaves on women’s caregiving roles, particularly in urban centers like Dhaka, within the broader context of global climate change discourse. Using the theoretical lens of Feminist Political Ecology, this study examines the intersection of gender, the environment, and socio-economic factors. This framework illuminates how women’s caregiving roles are uniquely affected by heatwaves, and how their financial status, socio-cultural norms, and access to resources contribute to diverse and unequal experiences. Through a qualitative methodology involving unstructured interviews with 40 lowermiddle-class and middle-class women, the study contributes not only to academic discussions on climate change and gender but also offers insights for policymakers to develop sustainable interventions that address the specific needs of women during heatwaves and support adaptive strategies.