The issue of gender and health is inextricably linked in shaping the life choices of women and girls. Addressing the issues of women, gender, and health inevitably requires the study of the health situation of women and girls -- and men and boys- throughout the life span encompassing areas beyond sickness and diseases. It also includes the study of gender and gender inequality in relation to individuals' health seeking behaviour, the physical, economic, and social conditions in which they live, role of norms and values, cultural attitudes and belief system in their everyday life, their ability to promote the health of their families, their communities, and themselves. With this focus in mind this paper explores the literatures particularly concentrating on gender and health issues in South Asia. The paper will largely look at both quantitative and qualitative studies and researches from secondary sources looking broadly on three countries in South Asia, i.e. Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka (including Pakistan to some extent). The main emphasis here is to specifically delve into the area of gender and health, probing at intra-household investment decisions and gender disparity in food intake and nutritional disparities, role of custom, traditions and age old cultural practices in shaping the options and choices, access and rights available to women and girls compared to men and boys. The article reveals the impact of gender inequality in determining the health outcomes like anaemia, stunted growth, child and maternal mortality, maternal morbidity etc. for women and girls in South Asia.